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The FAT/SAT Acceptance Glossary 57 REAL-WORLD TERMS · ENGLISH–CHINESE (TAIWAN USAGE)

Not textbook translations — the vocabulary actually used in acceptance protocols and on test floors, with the Traditional Chinese equivalents your Taiwanese counterparts really say. Compiled by a technical interpreter from FAT/SAT, commissioning and audit assignments. Scan it before the kickoff call; share it with your team before they fly.

01

Documents & planning

The paperwork that appears in contract annexes and emails before anyone touches the machine.

URS — User Requirement Specification
使用者需求規格書

The buyer's source document defining what the equipment must do; the final yardstick at acceptance.

FDS — Functional Design Specification
功能設計規格書

The supplier's design answer to the URS; FAT items usually trace to it line by line.

ATP — Acceptance Test Procedure
驗收測試程序書

Also "test protocol" — the document executed and signed item by item on test day.

ITP — Inspection & Test Plan
檢驗與測試計畫

Who inspects what, when; witness and hold points are flagged here.

P&ID — Piping & Instrumentation Diagram
管線與儀表圖

Said "P and I D"; one copy per person during pipe walks and valve checks.

BOM — Bill of Materials
物料清單

Rhymes with "bomb"; the unpacking inspection is checked against it.

SOP — Standard Operating Procedure
標準作業程序書

Core term shared by training and audits; usually "follow the SOP".

Redlines / redline drawings
紅線修訂圖

Field changes marked in red pen; merged later into as-builts.

As-built drawings
竣工圖

Final drawings reflecting what was actually installed; mandatory at handover.

Turnover package (TOP)
移交文件包

As-builts, test records, certificates and manuals as one handover bundle — the SAT finale.

02

Testing & verification

The highest-frequency action words while a FAT/SAT runs.

Dry run
空跑測試

No material, no fluids — sequence check first.

Wet run
帶料試車

Running with real material or liquids; the step after the dry run.

Loop check
迴路檢查

Verifying each signal loop from sensor to control system; daily bread of early commissioning.

I/O check
輸入輸出點檢

Point-by-point confirmation that PLC inputs/outputs map correctly.

Interlock
連鎖(互鎖)

"Door open = no motion" protective logic; testers say "trip the interlock".

E-stop — emergency stop
緊急停止(急停)

Always on the acceptance checklist; "hit the E-stop".

Performance test / run
性能測試

Verifying throughput, yield and precision against contractual guaranteed values.

Reliability / availability run
可靠度連續運轉測試

Tens of hours of continuous running to prove uptime; "marathon run" in semi and automotive.

Cycle time
週期時間

Time per part — one of the core acceptance numbers.

Takt time
節拍時間

The target production rhythm to meet demand; German loanword, used as-is in US plants.

FAI — First Article Inspection
首件檢驗

Full-dimension inspection of the first production piece; strictest usage in aerospace (AS9102).

Golden sample
標準樣品(黃金樣品)

The mutually approved reference piece later output is compared against.

Burn-in
燒機(老化)測試

Extended powered operation to expose early failures; common for electronics.

03

Quality & findings

The second half of every acceptance revolves around these.

Acceptance criteria
允收標準

The pass/fail line — one column next to every test item.

Deviation
偏差

Measured value off spec; recorded and dispositioned via a deviation report.

Waiver / concession
特採(讓步允收)

The buyer's written "we accept this deviation"; Taiwanese QA says 特採.

NCR — Non-Conformance Report
不符合報告

Formal filing of a non-conformity; shared vocabulary of audits and acceptance.

CAPA — Corrective & Preventive Action
矯正及預防措施

Fix-it-now plus keep-it-fixed response to findings; some say "kappa".

Punch list
缺失清單

End-of-acceptance to-fix list; one item = punch item; UK English: snag list.

Open item list
未結項目清單

Tracker of items not yet closed out; reviewed every morning meeting.

Witness point
見證點

Inspection step the buyer may attend; work continues if they don't.

Hold point
停留點(停檢點)

Mandatory stop — no proceeding without the buyer's sign-off. Harder than a witness point.

Calibration certificate
校正證書

Traceability proof for measuring instruments; often the first stack checked at a FAT.

Traceability
追溯性

Mill certs, lot numbers, serials — the ability to trace everything back.

Looked this up? You've probably got an acceptance coming

People search “what is FAT/SAT” when a foreign OEM is about to walk their floor.

Understanding the terms isn't the same as answering on your feet. When the US engineer fires off punch list, deviation and hold point in one breath, you want someone beside you rendering both the technical detail and your position in real time — not finding out after the meeting that a spec slipped through. That's the job I do: I read your specs and test protocol before the assignment, so I'm in the conversation from minute one.

04

Commissioning & qualification

Required vocabulary for pharma, medical-device and semiconductor equipment (GAMP world).

Commissioning
試車調試

Everything between installation and formal handover; spoken as "C&Q" with qualification.

Qualification
確效

Documented proof the equipment is installed, operates and performs correctly; Taiwan GMP circles say 確效.

IQ — Installation Qualification
安裝確效

Installed per design: utilities, piping, instruments, documents in place.

OQ — Operational Qualification
操作確效

Each function behaves per spec across its operating range.

PQ — Performance Qualification
性能確效

Consistent performance under real production conditions; the last of the trilogy.

05

Safety

The vocabulary US teams are most exacting about — mishearing costs the most here.

LOTO — Lockout / Tagout
上鎖掛牌

Isolating and locking energy sources before maintenance; OSHA core requirement, constantly on US engineers' lips.

PPE — Personal Protective Equipment
個人防護具

Safety shoes, glasses, hard hats; page one of every site induction.

Permit to work
工作許可證

Written approval for high-risk work; hot work permit for anything with sparks or flame.

Toolbox talk
工具箱會議(工前會)

The 5–10 minute safety briefing before work starts.

Safety interlock
安全連鎖

Forced-stop logic of guard doors and light curtains; always tested at acceptance.

SDS — Safety Data Sheet
安全資料表

Chemical hazard and response information; formerly MSDS.

06

Commercial & handover

Before anyone signs, these words decide how money and liability flow.

Mechanical completion
機械完工

Hardware installed, ready for commissioning; abbreviated MC.

Substantial completion
實質完工

Main functions usable, only trim work left; often tied to a payment milestone.

Provisional acceptance
暫時驗收(初驗)

Conditional acceptance after SAT; PAC = provisional acceptance certificate.

Final acceptance
最終驗收(終驗)

Formal acceptance after warranty or performance period; the FAC closes the project.

Sign-off
簽核(簽認)

Noun and verb: "sign off on the test" = countersign the record as accepted.

Retention / retainage
保留款

Final payment held until final acceptance or warranty end; typically 5–10%.

Liquidated damages (LDs)
議定違約金

Pre-agreed compensation for delay or shortfall; spoken simply as "L-Ds".

Change order
變更單

Formal change to scope, price or schedule; verbal agreement doesn't count.

Warranty period
保固期

The start date is the classic dispute: shipment, SAT or FAC — whatever the contract says.

O&M manuals
操作維護手冊

Operation and maintenance; permanent member of the turnover package.

RSPL — Recommended Spare Parts List
建議備品清單

Supplier-recommended consumables and spares; pricing often negotiated with warranty terms.

Ramp-up
產能爬坡

The climb from trial to full production; the ramp-up plan is usually the first post-SAT meeting.

※ Usage varies by industry and company. This table reflects common US-supplier practice, with UK and industry-specific variants noted. Seen it used differently on your floor? Write in.

The glossary helps you listen — the interpreter helps you answer

For your next FAT or SAT in Taiwan or with a Taiwanese team, put Nelson beside you on the floor.

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